What is Diabetes Mellitus?
Diabetes mellitus, also known as diabetes, is a chronic condition where the level of sugar (glucose) in a person’s blood is higher than normal levels. This occurs when the body cannot effectively regulate blood sugar levels due to various factors, such as a lack or deficiency of insulin (the hormone that controls glucose metabolism) or an inadequacy of the body’s cells response to insulin.
Diabetes mellitus is mainly divided into two categories:
- Type 1 diabetes: Commonly referred to as Juvenile Diabetes. In this type, the immune system destroys the B cells of the pancreas, which produce insulin. Patients with type 1 diabetes need daily insulin injections to manage their blood sugar levels.
- Type 2 diabetes: It is the most common type of diabetes. In this case, the body does not use insulin efficiently or does not produce enough insulin. Type 2 diabetes is often linked to factors such as obesity, lack of physical activity and genetic factors. Patients with type 2 diabetes may need to take medication or follow advice on their diet and physical activity to better manage their condition.
How to treat Diabetes Mellitus?
Diabetes mellitus, for its proper treatment, requires adjustments to lifestyle, diet and, in some cases, taking medication or insulin. It should be noted that treatment may vary depending on the type of diabetes, the severity of the condition and individual needs.
Here are general guidelines for treating diabetes mellitus:
1. Nutrition:
– Choose healthy, low-carb foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
– Limit the consumption of processed foods and high in sugars.
– Keep track of the amount of carbohydrates you consume with each meal and divide your meals into small, frequent meals.
2. Physical activity:
– Exercise regularly. Physical activity can help treat diabetes and control blood sugar levels.
3. Control blood sugar levels:
– Monitor blood sugar levels as directed by your doctor.
– Patients with type 1 diabetes usually need to take insulin and adjust its dosage as needed.
– Patients with type 2 diabetes may need to take medicines that help control blood sugar levels.
4. See your doctor:
– Follow your doctor’s treatment plan and advice.
– Better management and monitoring of your condition can prevent complications and maintain your health.
It is important to work closely with your doctor and stick to the recommended treatment plan to better manage your diabetes mellitus.
Preventing Diabetes Mellitus
Preventing diabetes mellitus is important for maintaining your health. Here are some steps you can take to prevent diabetes:
1. Nutrition:
– Eat healthy: Eat a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, natural carbohydrates and healthy sources of protein.
– Limit the consumption of sugar and processed foods.
– Monitor portion sizes and limit overeating.
2. Physical activity:
– Be physically active: Try to incorporate daily physical activity into your life, such as walking, cycling, swimming, or exercising.
– Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise weekly.
3. Maintaining proper weight:
– If you are obese or overweight, try to lose weight. Follow a healthy eating plan and consult a specialist.
4. Blood pressure control:
– High blood pressure increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Therefore, measure your blood pressure regularly and follow your doctor’s advice on managing it.
5. Limiting alcohol consumption:
– Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of developing diabetes.
6. Smoking suppression:
– Smoking increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. If you are a smoker, try to quit smoking.
It is important to get informed by your doctor about the potential risk of diabetes and follow their advice on prevention. Also, regular health check-ups can help prevent and diagnose diabetes early.
How can a health insurance help;
Health insurance can provide important support for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus. Some ways health insurance can help include:
1. Prevention and diagnosis: A health insurance covers the cost of visits to doctors and examinations, which allow diabetes to be diagnosed in early stages. This is important for early treatment and avoidance of complications.
2. Visit specialists: Health insurance may cover the cost of visits to specialists such as diabetologists, dieticians and diabetes management trainers. These professionals can provide advice and guidance to better manage the situation.
3. Prescribing medications: In some cases, health insurance may cover the cost of medications needed to manage diabetes. This may include insulin, diabetes medications and other medications needed.
It is important to review your insurance plan and discuss with your insurance company the details of diabetes coverage and related services. This can help you ensure the best possible healthcare and support to manage your diabetes.
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